Wer auf der Strae oder in ffentlichen Gebuden ohne Mund-Nasen-Schutz erwischt wurde, musste mit . Many of the mechanisms of resistance have been caused by the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics to treat illnesses such as the cold or flu or the over-prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. incidence proportion the fraction of persons with new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, calculated as the number of new cases divided by the size of the population at the start of the study period (see also attack rate). rate [ rt] the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison. population the total number of inhabitants of a geographic area or the total number of persons in a particular group (e.g., the number of persons engaged in a certain occupation). transmission, mechanical indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent does not undergo physiologic changes inside the vector (see also transmission, biologic). death-to-case ratio the number of deaths attributed to a particular disease, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, divided by the number of new cases of that disease, injury, or condition identified during the same period. antigen any substance (e.g., a toxin or the surface of a microorganism or transplanted organ) recognized as foreign by the human body and that stimulates the production of antibodies. prevalence rate the proportion of a population that has a particular disease, injury, other health condition, or attribute at a specified point in time (point prevalence) or during a specified period (period prevalence). We offer immediate delivery on all orders placed before 3pm. surveillance, medical monitoring of a person who might have been exposed to an infectious, chemical, radiologic, or other potentially causal agent, for the purpose of detecting early symptoms. denominator the lower portion of a fraction; used in calculating a ratio, proportion, or rate. Herd immunity is based on having a substantial number of immune persons, thereby reducing the likelihood that an infected person will come in contact with a susceptible one among human populations, also called community immunity. class limits the values at the upper and lower ends of a class interval. measure of central location a central value that best represents a distribution of data. is given by: where It is usually expressed in terms of kilocalories per square meter of body surface per hour. Quel est le taux pour changer des en ? outbreak, common-source an outbreak that results from persons being exposed to the same harmful influence (e.g., an infectious agent or toxin). transmission, vehicleborne transmission of an agent by an inanimate object; considered a type of indirect transmission; includes foodborne and waterborne transmission. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? / variable, dependent in a statistical analysis, a variable whose values are a function of one or more other variables. Nglish: Translation of infection for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of infection for Arabic Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about infection. clinical disease a disease that has been manifested by its symptoms and features. thesaurus. APA: Classic Thesaurus. scale, nominal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have no inherent statistical order or rank (e.g., categories of race/ethnicity, religion, or country of birth). cancer rates. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. incidence rate a measure of the frequency with which new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition occur, expressed explicitly per a time frame. Some types of HPV infection cause warts, and some can cause different types of cancer. central location (also called central tendency) a statistical measurement to quantify the middle or the center of a distribution. The y-axis, measuring frequency, uses a logarithmic scale. The number of live births per 1000 in the population in a given year. y-axis the vertical axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the dependent variable (e.g., frequency number, proportion, or rate). This is true regardless of whether they have shown symptoms of COVID-19 or not. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. effectiveness the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results in the field. fomite an inanimate object that can be the vehicle for transmission of an infectious agent (e.g., bedding, towels, or surgical instruments). Securing a medical care provision system. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent. Synonyms for Infection rates. The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each community and then follows the communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. 10 Infection rate Synonyms. Incidence rate is calculated as the number of new cases over a specified period divided either by the average population (usually mid-period) or by the cumulative person-time the population was at risk. statistical significance the measure of how likely it is that a set of study results could have occurred by chance alone. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. It is a major global health problem. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. In epidemiology, particularly for an outbreak investigation, a case definition specifies clinical criteria and details of time, place, and person. medical surveillance see surveillance, medical. field epidemiology see epidemiology, field. It is updated regularly. Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. birth rate, crude the number of live births during a specified period divided by the mid-period population, usually expressed per 1,000 population. The fishing line is rated for 30 pounds. life expectancy a statistical projection of the average number of years a person of a given age is expected to live, if current mortality rates continue to apply. It can cause chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. Diseases of the cardiovascular system may be diagnosed . A 2003 analysis in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes calculated that more than $18 billion in medical costs could have been saved by the year 2010 had the CDC invested just $383 million more in prevention programming per year from 2000 to 2005, an amount that theoretically could have cut the annual HIV, About 70 percent of the country's people are Catholic; Burundi has an HIV, Each of the 1,000 simulations at the given, Adult HIV prevalence in Swaziland is above 40 percent, and Malawi is struggling with a 14 percent, At almost 39 percent, Swaziland's adult HIV, The project was established in 2001 in response to the growing HIV, We will continue to look for ways to lower the, In an article published in the February 2003 issue of Conservation Biology, he and his team found that important Northeastern tick host species such as white-footed mice fared better when forest tracts were smaller than five acres, and that the, Using a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach, they examined whether states with higher exposure to the reformulated OxyContin had faster growth of HCV, Similarly, a recent comparative study suggested that chlorhexidine appeared superior to povidone-iodine, as the latter tripled the. zoonosis an infectious disease that is transmissible from animals to humans. Similar words for Infection rate. map, area (shaded, choropleth) a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. The comparison group provides an estimate of the background or expected incidence of disease (in a cohort study) or exposure (in a case-control study). cumulative frequency in a frequency distribution, the number or proportion of observations with a particular value and any smaller value. Cohort studies can be either prospective or retrospective. Lists. scale, ordinal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have a distinct order but no numerical distance between their possible values (e.g., stage of cancer, I, II, III, or IV). Manages autoclave and cleaning instruments for Dermatology. notifiable disease a disease that, by law, must be reported to public health authorities upon diagnosis. We used mRNA display under a reprogrammed genetic code to find a spike-targeting macrocyclic peptide that . WILDFIRE SMOKE AND COVID-19 ARE A ONE-TWO PUNCH FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY ACROSS THE U.S. COURTS MAY RECONSIDER TEMPORARY CORONAVIRUS RESTRICTIONS AS PANDEMIC DRAGS ON. demographic information personal characteristics of a person or group (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity, residence, and occupation) demographic information is used in descriptive epidemiology to characterize patients or populations. years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. {\displaystyle A} These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. In this study, we used a spherically symmetric compartmental ODE model to track the HIV viral dynamics in the LN and predict the contribution of ongoing replication within the LN to the whole-body proviral pool in an ARV-suppressed . Synonyms of infection infection noun Definition of infection as in virus an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses) There is a viral infection spreading among the schoolchildren. The number of fetal deaths per 1000 live births, usually per year. Cheers! The quantity of medicine or radiation administered per unit of time. droplet spread the direct transmission of an infectious agent by means of the aerosols produced in sneezing, coughing, or talking that travel only a short distance before falling to the ground. Synonyms for Infection Rates (other words and phrases for Infection Rates). This fuse is rated at 50 amperes. Synonym: In assisted reproduction technology, the number of newborn deliveries achieved in every one hundred follicular aspirations, embryo transfers, or stimulated cycles. To save this word, you'll need to log in. He doesn't rate very highly as a dramatist in my estimation. On this page you will find all the synonyms for the word to infection rate. cause-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, cause-specific. Objectives In late December 2022, rates of mortality in France (over 2,500 daily deaths) have reached levels not seen since April 2020, with the most pronounced increase in mortality recorded in nursing homes. This is usually measured at a time when the subject is completely at rest and in a fasting state. The class intervals of the variable are grouped on a linear scale on the horizontal axis, and the class frequencies are grouped on the vertical axis. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had great societal and health consequences. surveillance, active public health surveillance in which the health agency solicits reports. Search infection rate and thousands of other words in English definition and synonym dictionary from Reverso. table an arrangement of data in rows and columns. portal of entry a pathway into the host that gives an agent access to tissue that will allow it to multiply or act. Retinal Degeneration. symmetrical a type of distribution where the shapes to the right and left of the central location are the same. retrospective study see study, retrospective. Retinopathy. 3. a fixed charge per unit of quantity: a rate of 10 cents a pound. ( ( , , . A carrier can be asymptomatic (never indicate signs of the disease) or can display signs of the disease only during the incubation period, convalescence, or postconvalescence. prevalence the number or proportion of cases or events or attributes among a given population. Two common types are cohort studies and case-control studies. sample, random a sample of persons chosen in such a way that each one has the same (and known) probability of being selected. scale, interval a measurement scale consisting of quantitative categories whose values are measured on a scale of equally spaced units, but without a true zero point (e.g., date of birth). It did not take long, however, before the infection leaked out and copies of the worm began spreading all over the Internet, infecting 130,000 computers worldwide. Usually, the cases are presumed to have a common cause or to be related to one another in some way (see also outbreak). Non-sterile gloves are just as effective as sterile gloves in preventing surgical site infection after minor skin surgeries, Detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in Anopheles stephensi in Punjab, Pakistan, A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center, Infection Management & Environmental Plan, Infection Prevention & Control Department, Infection Surveillance and Control Program, Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. percentile a set of cut points used to divide a distribution or a set of ranked data into 100 parts of equal area with each interval between the points containing 1/100 or 1% of the observations. bar chart, deviation a bar chart displaying either positive or negative differences from a baseline. bar chart, stacked a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by subdivided bars or columns (the subdivisions representing the categories of one variable) separated by space between bars or columns. Infection control and hospital epidemiology are akin to public health practice, practiced within the confines of a particular health-care delivery system rather than directed at society as a whole.Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting, whether among patients, from patients to staff, According to the 2018 Healthy Youth Survey, nearly 25% of eighth-graders, 31% of 10th-graders and 31% of 12th-graders reported seeing someone around their age pressure someone else to kiss, touch. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world. Common measures of central location are the mean, median, and mode also called the measure of central tendency. an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses), Post more words for infection to Facebook, Share more words for infection on Twitter. virulence the ability of an infectious agent to cause severe disease, measured as the proportion of persons with the disease who become severely ill or die. health indicator any of a variety of measures (e.g., mortality rate) that indicate the state of health of a given population. Data points are plotted at the midpoints of the intervals and are connected with straight lines. graph a visual display of quantitative data arranged on a system of coordinates. pathogenicity the ability of an agent to cause disease after infection, measured as the proportion of persons infected by an agent who then experience clinical disease. The rate at which hair grows can be agonisingly slow. contribucin municipal, impuestos municipales, , . URI: abbreviation for upper respiratory infection. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. the relative values of the currencies of two or more countries. Data as of December 2022 and NOTE: dose response & no vaxxKeep in mind that wherever there has been elevated COVID vaccine rates, there are elevated excess infections and Antibiotic resistance is one of the leading issues in modern healthcare due to the inability to treat common infections with available antibiotics. cohort, birth a group of persons born during a particular period or year. crude when referring to a rate, an overall or summary rate for a population, without adjustment. an infecting agency or influence. The percentage of individuals afflicted with an illness who die as a result of it. A What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to the rest of the world? mortality rate, postneonatal the mortality rate for children from age 28 days up to, but not including, 1 year. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, Third Edition, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. Synonym: The average range of beats per minute recorded within a 10-min time frame. case-fatality rate (also called case-fatality ratio) the proportion of persons with a particular condition (e.g., patients) who die from that condition. Most didn't develop a fever. Usually, one variable represents a health outcome, and one represents an exposure or personal characteristic. The rate of occurrence of new cases of a disease. Found 2 synonyms 1. infection rate 2. infection rates. decision tree a branching chart that represents the logical sequence or pathway of a clinical or public health decision. 2. . 4. The graphic states that new HIV infections fell 8% from 2015 to 2019, after a period of general stability. bar chart, 100% component a stacked bar chart in which all bars or columns are the same length, and the measured axis represents 0%100%. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! epidemiologic triad the traditional model of infectious disease causation having three components: an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together so that disease occurs. iSYNONYM. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. bias a systematic deviation of results or inferences from the truth or processes leading to such systematic deviation; any systematic tendency in the collection, analysis, interpretation, publication, or review of data that can lead to conclusions that are systematically different from the truth. Non-sterile gloves are just as effective as sterile gloves in preventing surgical site infection after minor skin surgeries, Detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in Anopheles stephensi in Punjab, Pakistan, A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center, infantile, generalized GM1 gangliosidosis, Infection Management & Environmental Plan, Infection Prevention & Control Department, Infection Surveillance and Control Program, Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed or written as number per minute. cluster an aggregation of cases of a disease, injury, or other health condition (particularly cancer and birth defects) in a circumscribed area during a particular period without regard to whether the number of cases is more than expected (often the expected number is not known). Historic example of death rates (per 100,000) for leading causes of death for men aged 2544 years. Quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons; isolation refers to separation of ill persons. outbreak the occurrence of more cases of disease, injury, or other health condition than expected in a given area or among a specific group of persons during a specific period. symptom any indication of disease noticed or felt by a patient. 1 epidemiology, analytic the aspect of epidemiology concerned with why and how a health problem occurs. 'Hiemal,' 'brumation,' & other rare wintry words. The code for attribution links is required. synonyms for infection Compare Synonyms bug disease epidemic flu pollution virus contagion corruption defilement germs impurity poison communicability contagiousness insanitation septicity what's going around See also synonyms for: infections antonyms for infection MOST RELEVANT sanitation sterility can be calculated for an infectious disease in an endemic state if homogeneous mixing of the population and a rectangular population distribution (such as that generally found in developed countries), rather than a pyramid, is assumed. Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright 2013 by the Philip Lief Group. Infectious Disease A disease caused by a microbe, and the microbes that cause infectious diseases are referred to as pathogens Infection -Synonym for infectious disease -Microbiologists reserve it to mean colonization of pathogen; may or may not go on to cause disease Infection vs. Infectious Disease epidemic curve a histogram that displays the course of an outbreak or epidemic by plotting the number of cases according to time of onset.