f[=v5GS!Q"+x ml\8fzp +l~xZ0&>@U 8!.VUY[ ~A>}et!F2zfJ(9)29v^A4bk`=Nv^OhGEypb6u;Cj=:Ywq1wb)t+BlL;b[n[QO[*+*+!U$w q'YA*O$_gk.0 l4 that he violated the Tenure of Office Act--by firing Sec of War Stanton. white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. To conclude, the Reconstruction was almost a complete failure. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and Our Future, 1881, William Robert Houghton, Two Boys in the Civil War and After, An AutobiographyA Southern Colored Woman, Lesson 1: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of War, Lesson 2: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Politics of Reconstruction, The Battle Over Reconstruction: Southern Recovery. The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. Johnson wrote much of the Reconstruction legislation himself. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. President Johnson vetoed the Act, but Congress overrode his veto to pass it. But another clear reason was the often ineffective and incompetent governing that characterized many of the post-war Republican Southern governments. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' For this activity, the students will use the interactive maps [temporarily located at http://civclients.com/nehint/recon/] as well as the documents specified below that can be found in the Text Document for Activity 1. It declared that all people born in the United States are entitled to be citizens without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery. Would he or she benefit from certain parts of it? With the assistance of original historical documents, students will consider the ways different perceptions from leading political figures about the outcomes of Reconstruction affected the political debate and the political future of the nation. Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. In this paper we utilize saliency maps to evaluate whether this correlation exists. Because of doubts about the constitutionality of the new Civil Rights Act, the congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? The vote in the Senate was thirtyfive to nineteen in favor of conviction, one short of the necessary twothirds majority. Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. The teacher may also wish to explain to the students the use of the word Negro in some of these documents. On September 111, 193919391939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. What was the Freedmen's Bureau? A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. Grant was nearly universally revered by the time of his death in 1885. his early supporters were farmers in east Tennessee who didn't own slaves. The Freedmans Bureau played a key role in helping African Americans gain access to basic needs, education, property, and health care during Reconstruction. and then to be taken up again in the Civil Rights struggles of the 20th century. 'j/%>Rgy|@mePxSNOw5Nu'IbL`hEfYaWk*_p It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. #;ou20/. In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. bookmarked pages associated with this title. These expanding Northern cities were a draw for much of the dislocated workforce in the Southincluding newly freed slaves. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. Alexander Stephens. Write the letter of the choice that gives the sentence a meaning that is closest to the original sentence. they became caught up in debt. E&GvBQ"RYP F2;~}i,v K_)DR zdh[_/P&ME *8-pmw(j7Qjcmj9~::$x}v8@;aZwO,qo Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. Compute the acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds -30. To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. 2 Third step is about monitoring of collections 3 Involves the evaluation of. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. Tradesmen hoping to take advantage of the vast number of construction contracts being offered to rebuild the war-torn South. Did Congress do anything about white violence? ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ The historians aim is to write the first comprehensive history of the period. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. They were northerners who came south for jobs. President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. still conservative Republicans. While many of the efforts at reconstruction were legitimate and well-intentioned, a good number were not. exodusters- black refugees fleeing north or west from depression and violence. One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? that they had to keep the black vote in the south and protect black voting rights in order to win future elections. Many Native American tribes were stripped of their lands, moved onto reservations, forced into an assimilation program not of their choosing, and in some cases massacred by settlers and/or the U.S. Army. Corruption compromised the ability of the government and, frequently, of private interests to facilitate the reconstruction of the South. Same as Lincoln's but military officials and persons with property worth more than $20,000 had to apply directly to the President for a pardon. In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ %%EOF Then, for each characteristic of, Reconstruction listed on the chart, check off whether your character would feel positive. endstream endobj startxref It was approved by both houses in June 1866. Did it accomplish anything? What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War. Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. Question 11 30 seconds Q. Gp}1:qr +sWg" ^8u1k^l2GPt%,}cAZwf? They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. Most people in the Union supported the Confederacy's The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. (southern Democrats). Expert Help. In June 1868, Congress determined that Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina had met the requirements, and the states were admitted to the Union. What was the premise behind the sharecropping model of agriculture? Much of the legislation enacted in the name of racial equality was to be undone in the coming years by rulings coming from the Supreme Court (Plessy v. Ferguson, The Civil Rights Cases, etc.) It was known as the 10% Plan. WebOne of the main goals of Military Reconstruction was to ensure that voting rights were granted to African American men. endstream endobj 117 0 obj <>stream In all, the history of Reconstruction was an object lesson in the limitations of persuasion in politicsas was the history of the Civil War that preceded it. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? Congressional Reconstruction. first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. Lincoln's plan was the easiest, and the Radical Republican Plan was the hardest on the South. Johnson versus Congress. Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. In May 1865, with Congress out of session, Johnson began to implement his own Reconstruction program. answer choices Time period after the Civil War Attempt to rebuild and reunite the North and South When 3 new amendments to the Constitution were passed All of the above! endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream Andrew Johnson. There was no profit for workers. Both Sharecroppers and Tenant Farmer did not own the land they farmed, but received a share of the profits of the crops Tenant Farmers : Were mostly poor whites who lived and farmed on someone else's land, owned a few tools or supplies which enabled them to make a small profit, because they need not borrow as much on credit. plan was the easiest on the South? It also made it difficult to enforce Republican plans for Reconstruction or the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? Which of the following describes the African American experience in the Reconstruction-Era South? Provided food, clothes, transportation, etc. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. 12-17 Written Guided Reading Assignment, Principles of Microeconomics Group Assignment.docx, Website-Resume-Student-Checklist-2017.pdf, Express v to show or make known a feeling an opinion etc by words looks or, Consistent with the culture of the Employer you will be expected to present a, The turn based rules were as follows 2 Moves and 1 Explore in any combination If, Points 00 40 Points A Choice A B Choice B C Choice C D Choice D Part 11 of 25 40, QUIZ QUES Institutions can be understood as a regular patterns of behaviour that, L2 Molecules of Life interactive notes_2022 (1).docx, Launching_a_Redesign_of_University_Princ.pdf, Question 34 In an address in 1983 President Reagan referred to the Soviet Union, A 22 year old woman comes to her primary care physician because of an 8 week, Basic Statistics and creating the control chart .pdf, Apply the Nursing Care plan on the client described in the Clinical scenario state the Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation You are working as a Labor and Delivery Nurse at. If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The website Making Sense of Letters and Diaries is one such site. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. 5. While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. Johnson denounced the Fourteenth Amendment and urged the southern states not to ratify it. Compose a two-page essay explaining the ways in which the effects of Reconstruction may continue to affect our politics today. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. Presented to the Capitalists and People of the Central and Northern States, by Bannister, Cowan & Company, Group E: Excerpt from Albert T. Morgan, Yazoo, Or, On the Picket Line of Freedom, 1881. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. Why did Republicans retreat from their commitment to black voting and civil rights? Those who were not eligible for amnesty could appeal for a pardon. Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. Were there any black governors in the South during Reconstruction? it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. It gave women the right to vote in the United States. Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. The WadeDavis Bill was proposed by the Radical Republicans who sought to punish the South for their rebellion and to reinforce the expectation of loyalty and obedience to the federal government. hbbd``b` $ H0E$ b3!D( ( qX | one of the closest races in American history. hb```b``Vd`f``fc@ >3G#C \5lb`(q.UrA) g``0PZTQH1;kz7/2FI1iMF>C20Jin83lFy6W iB5; 0 Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. Sharecroppers typically did not have enough good farmland or time to tend to it. They were seen as Yankees that were trying to take over the southern states' governments. Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the war in the Pacific? Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. President Grant undoubtedly played a important role in what was the country's first civil rights movement in some ways, but Reconstruction had its shortcomings. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. `a{/uXZO`qf\ v-Nf. Again, there were many reasons for the poor government in the South, including violence and sabotage from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the racial animosity that inspired them, a general unwillingness to accept the political and social implications of equality under the law, and a lingering deep resistance to the idea of the supremacy of the Constitution and Union to state and local authority in matters of national significance. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina, Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, Excerpt from the testimony of Henry Blake, 1937. wealthy plantation owners and Confederate officials. In actuality carpetbaggers were people who came down from the North to help freedmen and poor whites through the Freedmen's Bureau. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. dzB;. HUKo@+VaX@R)nQ1 cwfgK.^|[EsyRBoe &:|. iqQ1c@:)~ TBSQs*qUN!hGm!y~ ;9Yz`E_>| ? :d l%Ope,s/4*rxWOOORcH!G*Q-9#E&iP@Lm6DE#4rt>Oi>'~h[WFW8D'UF1;6>3R^}kE`VqL0, DLi] ZP7 ~K]M6 By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. His policies after he became president were even more lenient than Lincoln's, and they caused a confrontation with the Radical Republicans in Congress that culminated in his impeachment. endstream endobj startxref Resources that rely on Adobe Flash Player are no longer supported. Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. Did black voting end in 1877 with the end of Reconstruction? Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. Lincolns view, while prudent, was not extremely popular. kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya Yes, a few. Radical plan wanted to punish the south, while Lincoln and Johnson wanted to reunite the union as quickly as possible. A bill was introduced in February 1866 to reauthorize the oneyearold Freedmen's Bureau and allow it to try in military courts persons accused of depriving former slaves of their rights. white Democrats who used their political power to oppress the Black community, PREPOSITIONS AND CONJUNCTIONS (INFINITIVE VS., Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen. Johnson toured the nation, where he gave speeches opposing the radicals in Congress. It prohibited state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery. How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. They came from a wide variety of backgrounds ranging from highly-educated professionals to former Civil War soldiers. How might a fact like this have affected opinions on questions such as civil rights, government contracts for major infrastructure improvements (such as railroads) and shaped views on questions such as education? The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? Who was the Republican leader in the House? Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. Historically, scholars have defined Reconstruction as having lasted from 1865 (the end of the American Civil War) until 1877, when a political compromise between the Republican and Democrat parties allowed for Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become President of the United States on the condition that the last remaining federal troops in the South be removed. What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? How did whites regain political control in the south? The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. Return to slavery in a different way. Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? Laws passed by the South during Presidential Reconstruction that regulated the lives of freed slaves. 75RockiCr ? View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. No. While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. This lesson plan will explore the social, economic and political conditions of the United States as Reconstruction drew to a close in the years leading up to the Compromise of 1877. Congress established a joint committee to review Reconstruction policy and set further conditions for readmitting states. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. The federal government pledged larger amounts of financial assistance to the Southern states. But in his first showdown with Congress upon being elected, Grant backed down and accepted a compromise proposal with the Senate even after the House had voted to join him in his opposition to the Act. Both African Americans and whites were part of the carpetbagger migration. There were also a number of members in Congress who were involved in the Crdit Mobilier scandal, which involved the Union Pacific Railroad and federal contracts for the first Transcontinental Railroad. @{/rd;G[F|!-DStuux2g>w2q}g=,~1tMEDuMz@hN 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ In addition to racial animosityand possibly a factor that fed into that animosity as it was exploited by demagogueswas the rule of ineffective and inexperienced state and local politicians in the wake of Southern defeat. Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. Ulysses S. Grant was confronted with these momentous questions upon his election to the presidency in 1868. Question 3 How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee What tactics were used? The Freedmen's Bureau helped most in the area of education. Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. What was Johnson's plan for Reconstruction? Grant won the 1868 presidential election by a landslide in the Electoral College, but only won the popular vote by 300,000 ballots. WebWhat is Reconstruction? While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. Who were its members? Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states. Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. It helped the Republicans seat more than 2/3 majority in the House and Congress. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. What did the 15th Amendment accomplish ? and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. #o`9} }#9BNDo9L(]xA g|XW.o&pI.78DBjV]^;. The Democratic Party was disbanded and replaced with a new, more liberal version of the Republican Party. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. 436 0 obj <>stream Moreover, the horrors of the late war were alive in the memories of most Americans and the real or imagined threat of resumed and open hostilities operated with more persuasive force than the best of arguments. Which group was still not aloud to vote? Who did the states and congress give free land to? It was drafted according to the Ten-Percent Plan It gave blacks the right to vote hVKo@+{l>[" mD1j*E9Uvwf]R0p#\hXbX@" kB" z5:w[*aUwiD2[Av4ft?eSdMN'Vm'yl9/fh-5E"$tXM_=?)[1ZX&/rW-]gK@0Xmzf7+U-"jE1ENM|:2!US.N,'(g({e]a]X`6K(R(:eFF| hwAocF@s00Zm/~;?VJoI(s` }L 6k'pU]sT@VY&Cv; XH8FgCL=rM5Ax6Kv$8u#+8>&`v ? It forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", Northerners who went south in search for profits; Southners who supported the Republican governments in the South. The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? In addition, the teacher should review the interactive maps included as part of this lesson and download the Text Document for Activity 1 and the Text Document for Activity 2, which will include all needed source material and worksheets.

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